I-Sulfuur yinto engenanto kunye nophawu lwekhemikhali kunye nenombolo yeatomic ye-16. I-Sulfur ecocekileyo yi-crystal etyheli, ebizwa ngokuba yisalfure okanye i-sulfur ye-sulfure okanye i-sulfur etyheli okanye etyheli. I-sulfur ye-sulfur ingena emanzini, inyibiliza kancinane e-Ethanol, kwaye inyibilika ngokulula kwi-carbon2.
Iipropathi ze-1.physical
- I-Sulfuur idla ngokukhanya etyheli etyheli, engenantlonelo kwaye ayinantsingiselo.
- I-Sulfuur inezinto ezininzi, zonke ezona ziqulunqwe8Iimolekyuli zeCyclic. Ezona zixhaphakileyo zixhaphakileyo i-orthot sulfur (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-rimfur selfur, i-α-sulfur) kunye ne-monoclinic sulfur (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-β-sulfur).
- I-Orthohorthombic Sulfur yindlela enesiseko yesalfure, kwaye xa ifudumele malunga ne-100 ° i-100 c, inokuthotyelwa ukuze ifumane i-monoclinic sulfur. Ubushushu benguqu phakathi kwe-Orthorhombic Sulfur kunye ne-Monoclinic Sulfur yi-95.6 ° C.Oorhombic Sulfur yeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo ye-sulfur kubushushu begumbi. Ifom yayo ecocekileyo ityheli-iluhlaza (i-sulfur ithengiswa kwimarike ivela ngaphezulu kobukho bamaxabiso emidlalo ye-cycloheaulful). I-Orthohorthombic Sulfuur ingena emanzini, inengxaki yokuphumelela i-shirmal, yi-insulator elungileyo.
- I-Monoclinic Sulfur yi-Inaliti engenamakhilo-njengekristali eshiyekileyo emva kokunyibilika i-sulfure kwaye igalele ulwelo olugqithisileyo. I-Monoclinic Sulfur Orchoshombic Sulfur ye-Sulfal Sulfur kwiqondo lobushushu elahlukileyo. I-Monoclinic ye-sulfur inesitali kuphela ngaphezulu kwe-95.6 ℃, kunye neqondo lokushisa, ngokuthe ngcembe litshintsha kwi-orthorhombic sulfur. Indawo yokunyibilika ye-Orthorhombic Sulfur yi-112.8 ℃, indawo yokunyibilika ye-monoclinic yesulfur yi-119 ℃. Zombini zinyibilika kakhulu kwii-CS2.
- Kukho nesalfuc ye-elastic. I-elastic sulfur yi-tyheli emnyama, i-elastic eqinile enganyibilikisi kancinci kwikharbon engapheleli ngaphezu kwe-isalfurds. Ayinyibili emanzini kwaye inyibilikiswe kancinci ngotywala. Ukuba i-pulfur ye-sulfur ithe yathunyelwa ngokukhawuleza emanzini abandayo, i-chanfur ye-halfur ilungisiwe, i-elastic esele ilungisiwe. Nangona kunjalo, iya kuqinisa ixesha elide kwaye ibe yi-monoclinic sulfure.
I-2.Chemical Propathities
- I-Sulfuur inokutshisa emoyeni, isebenze ngeoksijini ukuze ibumbe i-sulfur diokside (kunjalo₂) Irhasi.
- I-Sulfuur iphinda iphendule kuzo zonke ii-haloges kwimfumba. Ivutha e-fluorine ukuba yenze i-sulfure hexifluors. I-sulfuur ye-chlorine ukwenza i-dichric ecaphukisayo2Cl2). Umxube wokulingana oqukethe i-dalfur ebomvu ye-dalfur (i-SCL) ingenziwa xa i-chlorine igqithisile kwaye inesitataightst, efana ne-Fecl3okanye i-sni4,iyasetyenziswa.
- I-Sulfure inokusabela nge-hatsium ye-chatsium hydroxide (Koh) ye-Koh
- I-Sulfuur ayiphenduli ngamanzi kunye ne-on-aciding acid. I-Sulfure iphinda iphindwe nge-witric eshushu kunye ne-sulfuric acid kwaye inokuchaphazeleka kwi-sulfuric acid kunye ne-sulfur diokside.
3. Ibala lokusebenzisa
- Ukusetyenziswa kweMizi-mveliso
Eyona nto iphambili ekusetyenzisweni kwe-sulfur ikwimveliso ye-sulfuric acid, i-salfites, i-bichbour diokhorfide, i-pholosur dioxide, i-pholbon dioxide, i-phosphorus ye-pholf, kunye ne-phosphorus ye-pholf. Ngaphezulu kwe-80% ye-Sulfur yonyaka yonyaka isetyenziswa kwimveliso ye-sulfuric acid. I-Sulfur isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yerabha eyahlukileyo. Xa irabha yoluhlaza ivulwe kwirabha eyahlukileyo, ifumana i-elasticastity ephezulu, amandla okuqina kobushushu, kunye nokubethwa kwesono kwizinyibilikisi. Uninzi lweemveliso zerabha zenziwa ngerabha ye-culberid, eveliswa ngokuphendula irabha yerabha kunye ne-Acleyletors kumaqondo obushushu kunye noxinzelelo. I-Sulfuur ikwafuneka kwimveliso yomgubo omnyama kunye nemidlalo, kwaye yenye yezona ndawo ziphambili kwimililo yomlilo. Ukongeza, i-sulfure inokusetyenziswa ekuvelisweni kweedaya ze-dalls kunye ne-pigments. Umzekelo, ukubalwa komxube we-kaolin, ikharbon, i-sulfures, i-diatomaceous emhlabeni, okanye i-quartz powder inokuvelisa i-pigmmer eluhlaza ebizwa ngokuba yi-Utramarine. Umzi-mveliso we-bleach kunye nomzi-mveliso wamayeza nawo utya isalfure yesahlulo.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwezonyango
I-Sulfuur yenye yezithako kumayeza obunye amayeza amaninzi. Umzekelo, ioyile ye-tung ishushu nge-sulfure kwi-Sulfondate nge-Sulfur Acid kwaye ivalwe ngamanzi amdaka ukuze afumane ioyile ye-sulfodated. I-10% yeoyile eyenziweyo inaye i-anti-insulmatory kunye nefuthe lokukhulisa kwaye inokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuvuza kolusu ezahlukeneyo kunye nokudumba.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: I-DEC-09-2024