7n Shourium kukula ndi kuyeretsa

7n Shourium kukula ndi kuyeretsa

I. Zosangalatsa zakunyumba ndi kuyeretsa koyambirira

1. ‌Kusankhidwa kwa zinthu ndi kuphwanya‌

• ‌Zofunikira zakuthupi: Gwiritsani ntchito stuurium ore kapena sode slime (Tes ≥2%), makamaka yopukutira kwa nthawi yopumira (yokhala ndi cu, cu₂e) ngati zopangira.
• ‌Njira yochitira:
• Kupsinjika kwa kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ≤5mm, kutsatiridwa ndi mipira ku ≤200 mesh;
• Kulekanitsidwa kwamagnetic (magnetic Firm Hurth ≥0.8t) kuchotsa Fe, NI, ndi zonyansa zina;
• Floth flottation (PH = 19, 8-9, oyang'anira xanthate) kuti alekanitse Sio₂, COO, ndi zosayenera zina zamatsenga.
• ‌Kusamalitsa: Pewani kuyambitsa chinyezi pokonza zonyowa (zimafuna kuyanika musanaphule); kuwongolera chinyezi cha ≤30%.

1. ‌Pyromatsolgurgical Kuwotcha ndi makutiza‌

• ‌Njira Zowongolera:
• Kutentha kwa oxidation: 350-600 ° C (kuwongolera: kutentha pang'ono kosenda, kutentha kwambiri kwa oxidation);
• Nthawi yophukira: 6-8 maola, ndi okwera okwera 5-10 l / min;
• Reagent: serfuric acid (98% H₂SO₄), ratio ratio tea₄ hso₄ = 1: 1.5.
• ‌Mankhwala:
  Cu2te + 2o2 + 2h2SO4 → 2h2o4 → 2HocO4 + 2H2OCU2 + 2H2 So4 + 2H2 THEO2 THO2 TO
• ‌Kusamalitsa: Kuwongolera kutentha ≤600 ° C kuti mupewe teolatization (yowira mpaka 387 ° C); Chitani mpweya wopota ndi Naoh wokamba.

Ii. Magetsi ndi vacuum dialotion

1. ‌Electorefring‌

• ‌Makina a Electrolyte:
• Kapangidwe ka electrolyte: H₂SO₄ (80-120g / l), teo₂g / l), owonjezera (gelatin 0,1g / l);
• Kuwongolera kutentha: 30-40 ° C, Kufalitsidwa Kuphulika kwa 1.5-2 M³ / H.
• ‌Njira Zowongolera:
• Kuchulukitsa Kwapakati: 100-150 A / Myo, Vol Vol Volsige 0.2-0.4V;
• Electrode exrocting: 80-120mm, titatandaule, makulidwe 2-3m / 8h;
• Kuchotsa Kuchotsa Mogwira Ntchito: CU ≤5ppm, PB ≤1ppm.
• ‌Kusamalitsa: Zosefera zamagetsi zamagetsi (kulondola ≤1μm); Makina opanga matope aku Poland kuti mupewe pambale.

1. ‌Vacuum dialotion‌

• ‌Njira Zowongolera:
• Vacuum mulingo: ≤1 ≤1 ngheni, kutentha kutentha 600-650 ° C;
• Kutentha kwa centerser: 200-250 ° C, a teapor mobwerezabwereza ≥95%;
• Nthawi Yalitali: 8-12h, bata imodzi-batch ≤ndykg.
• ‌Kugawa Kugawa: Zopanda zotsika kwambiri (se, s) zimasonkhanitsa motsimikiza; Zosayera kwambiri (PB, AG) Khalanibe otsalira.
• ‌Kusamalitsa: Pre-pompu ya khwangwala ku ≤5 × 10⁻³pa ​​musanayambe kutentha kuti mupewe maxiadition.

Iii. Kukula kwa Crystal (Crystallllization)

1. ‌Kusintha kwa Zipangizo‌

• ‌Kukula kwa Crystal: TDR-70A / B (30kg mphamvu) kapena trrl-800 (60kg mphamvu);
• Zinthu zolimba: graphite yoyera (phulusa la ≤ perppo), miyeso φ300 × 400mm;
• Njira yotenthetsera: Kulimbana ndi graphite, kutentha kwambiri 1200 ° C.

1. ‌Njira Zowongolera‌

• ‌Kuwongolera:
• Kutentha kwa kutentha: 500-520 ° C, sungunule dziwe lakuya 80-120mm;
• Mpweya woteteza: Ar (purity ≥99.999%), oyenda 10 l / mphindi.
• ‌Magawo a crystallization:
• Kukoka Kukoka: 1-3m / h, kristalo kuzungulira liwiro la 8-12RPM;
• Kutentha kwa kutentha: Axial 30-50 ° C / cm, radial ≤10 ° C / masentimita;
• Njira yozizira: maziko ozizira ozizira (kutentha kwa madzi 20-25 ° C), Kuzizira kopatuka kopatuka.

1. ‌Kuwonongeka Kodetsa‌

• ‌Zotsatira za magawidwe: Zosayera monga Fe, NI (Zogwirizana Zophatikizira <0.1) zimasonkhanitsa malire am'mphepete;
• ‌Kukumbukira mizere: 3-5 zozungulira, zolimba zomaliza ≤0.1PPM.

1. ‌Kusamalitsa:

• Phimbani kusungunula pansi ndi zojambulajambula zojambula zojambula kuti muchepetse te conlatilization (kutaya mtengo ≤0.5%);
• Monitor crumeter munthawi yeniyeni pogwiritsa ntchito a laseji ya laser (kulondola pena 0.1mm);
• Pewani kusinthasintha kutentha> ± 2 ° C kuti mupewe kuwonjezeka kwa ma discolamu (chandamale ≤10³ / cm²).

Iv. Kuyendera bwino ndi zitsulo zazikulu

V. Protocols zachilengedwe ndi chitetezo

1. ‌Kuthetsa Mankhwala othandizira:

• Kutulutsa Kutulutsa: kusokoneza Soo ndi Seo₂ ndi Naoh osoka (PH≥);
• Tumizani Kutulutsa Kwakukulu: Kukhumudwa ndikuchira. Kutsalira magesi a ADSORBED kudzera pa kaboni.

1. ‌Slag reycling:

• Asode slime (okhala ndi AG, Au): bweretsani kudzera pa hydrometsirurgy (H₂SO-HCL System);
• Zotsalira za electrolysis (zokhala ndi PB, cu): Bweretsani ku mapulogalamu amkuwa.

1. ‌Njira Zotetezera:

• Ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kuvala masks (tepor ndi poizoni); Sungani mpweya wabwino wambiri (mpweya wabwino kusinthanitsa ≥10 / h).

Mapulogalamu olondola

1. ‌Kusintha kwa Zinthu: Sinthani kutentha kutentha ndi ma acidio acid modekha kutengera magwero a Anode (mwachitsanzo, mkuwa vs.
2. ‌Kukula kwa Crystal: Sinthani kukoka kuthamanga malinga ndi zosungunuka (reynolds nambala Rev Rev2000) kutembenuzira madera adziko lapansi;
3. ‌Kuchita Bwino Mphamvu: Gwiritsani ntchito kutentha kwawiri-kutentha (zopita kumayiko 500 ° C, sub-chone 400 ° C) Kuti muchepetse mphamvu yolimbana ndi 30%.